Title not extracted — [1987] 2 S.C.R. 382

The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

RANGANATH MISRA, J. This appeal by special leave is against the judgment of the Andhra Pradesh High Court in a writ appeal E agrising out of the judgment of a learned Single Judge in an applica- tion under Article 226 of the Constitution. -) The respondent on taking premature retirement on compassion- ate ground from the Indian Army at the age of 33, was offered appointment as Assistant Commandant in the Central Reserve Police F Force (CRPF for short) and was given appointment initially for a period of three years. Early in 1970 he was promoted on temporary basis as Commandant on the basis of selection. In October 1970, the President sanctioned his continued re-employment for one year as Commandant. The respondent was asked to opt for absorption. In the meantime, his promotional appointment as Commandant was exten- G ded from time to time. In June 1976, he was informed by the Director General of the C.R.P.F. that in view of the Rule 107 of the Central Reserve Police Force Rules, 1955, he was not entitled for absorption . in the Force. A representation of the respondent was rejected by the President. Thereupon, he applied to the Andhra Pradesh High Court under Article 226 of the Constitution for a direction for his absorption H

p. 384 Copy page pinpoint

A in the Force. The learned Single Judge referred to Rule 105 which deals with recruitment and Rule 107 dealing with tenure and on the )· ~ basis that there was nothing in these rules to disentitle a retired or released army officer from absorption, directed the appellants to con- sider the respondent's permanent absorption. The Division Bench up- held the direction and dismissed the appeal of the appellants. B Rule 105(3-A) dealing with recruitment, inter alia, provides that the post of Assistant Commandant shall be filled:

" (i) xxx xxx xxx xxx

(ii) by re-employment of retired or released Army Offi- c cers or substantive Majors of the Territorial Army or Indian Police Service Officer (Senior Scale) or with four years of service as such or State Police Officers holding the posts of Superintendent of Police or equi- valent Posts preferably with experience of Armed D Police duties or Assistant Commandants of the Cen- tral Reserve Police Force or

(iii) xxx xxx xxx xxx."

Indisputably the respondent had been recruited as Assistant Com- E mandant on the footing that he was a retired/released Army Officer.

Rule 107(2) dealing with tenure then provided:

"In the case of retired/released Army Officers, they will be under re-employment for an initial period of one year, ex- F tendable by mutual consent for one year, at a time subject -+ • to premature termination should administrative exigency, and or unsuitability or any other unforseen factors so de- mand. The service shall be temporary subject to all rules and orders applicable to the Central Government employees in temporary service in general." (underlining is emphasised) G Sub-rule (2) has been substituted with effect from 20th September, 1985. The notification of that date clearly provides that the amendment comes into force on the date of publication in the official gazette. The amended rule runs thus:

H "(a) In the case of officers re-employed after they had

U.0.1. v. R.C.D.' SOUZA [MISRA, J.] 385

retired/discharged/released from Army prior to the attain· A ment of age of superannuation in the civil posts, will, 'if appointed to civil posts, be treated as direct recruits and their seniority in the grade fixed accordingly as under:

(i) the inter se seniority of persons so re-employed shall B be determined in acn,rdance with the orders of their selection;

(ii) the relative seniority of persons so re-employed in re- lation to direct recruits and promotees shall be deter- mined on the basis of chronology of selection; c (iii) their confirmation and promotion to higher posts > -f would take place with reference to seniority so fixed subject to fulfilment of other laid down conditions re- garding probation. D (b) The ex-army officers re-employed after they have at- tained the age of superannuation in civil posts shall not form part of the cadre and would be treated as if appointed on contract basis and such re-employments on contract basis shall be extendable on year to year basis." E Rule 107(2) made under the Central Reserve Police Act, 1949 prior to the amendment of 1985 clearly provided that the service shall be temporary and rules and orders applicable to Central Government employees in temporary service would apply.

It is true that Rule 105(3-A} dealing with the post of Assistant F Commandant prescribes three alternate modes of recruitment. Rule 107 provided that in case of recruitment by the second mode in Rule 105(3-A} temporary status only would be conferred. Absorption on permanent basis would run counter to the scheme of the rules. The High Court has found as a fact that the departmental authorities called for the option of the respondent for absorption. Such a step contrary G to the statutory rules would not operate as an estoppel nor confer any right to claim absorption. The scheme of the rule is indicative of the position that in regard to that category of officers benefit of absorption was not admissible and we are inclined to agree with the submission of the appellants that the High Court was in error in saying that there was nq_thing which stood in the way of absorption. H

386 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1987] c S.CR. A It is a fact that the respondent has been given a promotion and in the promotional post he has worked for about 16 years. On the basis of such promotion on temporary basis the respondent would not be en- titled to absorption as well. The respondent was being continued in the promotional post by orders of the President from time to time which is clearly indicative that the arrangement was on temporary basis. B Even though under sub-rule (2) of Rule 107 as it stood, the respondent was not entitled to claim absorption, he is certainly j entitled to the benefit of the amended provision from 20th September,

1985. Sub-rule (2) as amended in terms applies to him and counsel for the appellants has also accepted this position. Therefore, the respon- C dent is entitled to absorption in the cadre with effect from the date the amended rule came into force and he is, therefore, to be confirmed in the post of Commandant and absorbed in the appropriate cadre from that date. Admittedly the respondent has put in continuous service of +' more than 20 years in the Force and it would be totally unjustified to deprive him of credit of service. Though he may not be entitled to other advantages of such service prior to the date of absorption, in our view, he should be entitled to count that period for pension entitle- ment. We, therefore, allow the appeal to the extent that the direction of the High Court to absorb the respondent from the date of his appointment stands set aside and in its place the respondent shall be entitled to absorption with effect from 20th September, 1985. His seniority in the post of Commandant shall run from that date and he would.be entitled to all service advantages on the basis of such absorp- tion from September 1985. He would, however, be entitled to credit of continuous service for the entire period of service as Assistant Commandant and Commandant for the limited purpose oi pension. F Learned counsel for the respondent pointed out in course of argument that there were some similarly placed officers as the respon- dent but they have been given the henefit of absorption. This is a matter which the appellants should look into and anomaly on such score should be considered by them. In the absence of such officers, if G any, we are not inclined to give any direction to deprive them of any benefit which may have been obtained by them. Both parties are directed to bear their own costs throughout.

M.L.A. Appeal allowed.